Tra le sollecitudini (Italian for "among the concerns") was a motu proprio issued 22 November 1903 by Pope Pius X, possibly co-written by Don Lorenzo Perosi, in which the Pope set forth new regulations for the performance of music in the Roman Catholic Church. These reforms reaffirmed the primacy of Gregorian chant, which had largely fallen out of favor, and the superiority of Renaissance polyphony, especially that of Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina, over other, later polyphonic music. It also excluded women from singing in mixed ensembles with men, discouraged music that smacked of modernity or secular influences, and barred the use of piano, percussion, and other instruments.[1]